THE PATHOGEN-VECTOR INTERFACE: A HISTORY OF PARADIGMS

About author:

A. N. Alekseev, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya emb., 1, 199034 St. Petersburg,
RUSSIA

Acknowledgments:

The author wish to thank to Prof. Richard W. Ashford (Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke Place, UK) for the valuable advice and Dr. Sergei I. Golovatch (Vice-President, Pensoft Publishers) for the improvement of the English version of the manuscript.

The research described in this publication was made possible in part by Grant 98—04—49899 from the Russian Basic Research Foundation, and in part by Grant 9600864 Danish Research Council.

Annotation:

There is a short survey of the silently accepted by the investigators paradigms, which are the basis of understanding how bloodsucking arthropods became ability to be a vectors of the different kind of pathogens. The old and wrong paradigms such as vectors are the "flying pins", "All vectors are able to transmit every pathogens", "Pathogens of multyinfected vectors can be transmitted independent-ly from each other" are criticised. The right one "The ability to transmit only a certain pathogen (or pathogens) is determined by the taxonomical posi-tion ofthe vector" [V.N. Beklemishev] is confirmed and developed by the author of communication, who added as a new and necessary supplement to this paradigm considering of the types of development and feeding of the preimaginal stages of the would be vectors.

A new paradigm "Pathogens are not transmit-ted independently from each other even by specific vector because of the different kind of interface between them and the arthropod host" is based on the critical analysis of the modern literature and on the results of authors experiments with plague — fleas, Leishmania — sand-flies, tick-borne en-cephalitis virus and Borreliae — Ixodes ticks.

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